The rapid change that has occurred in social areas, especially in recent times, has resulted in increased use of entrepreneurship. Societies are more entrepreneurial today than in previous periods. Rapid change in economic, social, legal, political and technological fields, which businesses are affected by but cannot influence, creates various threats and opportunities. Businesses take precautions against threats by perceiving them in advance, that is, by anticipating them, and derive new business ideas from opportunities. Businesses that act in this way survive comfortably. The lives of those who cannot do this end or become difficult.
Entrepreneurship is also necessary for businesses that are just starting out. The lifespan of a business depends on how entrepreneurial it is. Entrepreneurship should be sustainable for businesses, not once or intermittently. The term entrepreneurship, which includes an action, was first used in theory by the Frenchman Richard Cantillon in the 1730s. The French verb “entreprendre” is used to mean entrepreneurship. From this, a word "entrepreneur" was derived, which can be translated into Turkish as entrepreneur. As with many things, the foundation of the conceptualization of entrepreneurship dates back to the Industrial Revolution.
At the same time, the concept of entrepreneurship has been the subject of various theories and studies. Until today, this concept has been discussed from different angles, and this is also reflected in the definitions. Although there seem to be different definitions of entrepreneurship in the literature, essentially every definition covers an aspect of entrepreneurship. In other words, a new element has been added to the definition of entrepreneurship in every period. Richard Cantillon, who defined entrepreneurship for the first time in the 18th century as the purchasing and production of production inputs and services to sell for a price that has not yet been determined, highlighted the risk-taking element of entrepreneurship. Considering the conditions of that period, the fact that entrepreneurship was defined and conceptualized for the first time, as well as the fact that entrepreneurship was an element of risk, and that this continues to be increasingly valid today, is considered important in terms of entrepreneurship culture.
Doing entrepreneurship in environments where the future is not fully predictable and having high expectations often increases the importance of unmeasurable and uncontrollable risks. In these cases, it is often seen that the entrepreneur's intuition is also used. In fact, one of the greatest characteristics of an entrepreneur is his intuition. On the other hand, Jean Baptise Say emphasized the organization and management of production inputs in entrepreneurship and added this to the definition. With this definition and period, entrepreneurship has been seen as the fourth factor of production. Schools of economic science, especially economic theory, have emphasized that entrepreneurship is important in the development of capitalist economy in all subsequent periods.
In fact, in Liberalism and Capitalism as an economic system, entrepreneurship is seen as one of the three freedoms. Freedom of thought, freedom of belief and freedom of entrepreneurship. Today, capitalism's declaration of leadership as a single system has made entrepreneurship even more important. Entrepreneurship, which brings together nature, labor and capital production factors and is directed to production, itself a production factor, requires an action according to other production factors. Not seeing entrepreneurship as a factor of production would mean the absence of production action, which would indicate the absence or lack of goods and services that the consumer/customer needs? For example, there is flour, sugar and oil, but it will cause the problem that there is no one to make halva from them.
